Perhaps the most important -- and inexpensive -- strategy is to rank high
for your preferred keywords on the main search engines in "organic"
or "natural" searches (as opposed to paid ads). Search engines send
robot "spiders" to index the content of your webpage, so let's begin
with steps to prepare your webpages for optimal indexing. The idea here is not
to trick the search engines, but to leave them abundant clues as to what your
webpage is about. This approach is called "search engine
optimization," abbreviated as SEO.
1. Write a Keyword-Rich Page Title. Write a descriptive title for
each page -- rich in keywords you want people to find you with -- using 5 to 8
words. Remove as many "filler" words from the title (such as
"the," "and," etc.) as possible, while still making it
readable. This page title will appear hyperlinked on the search engines when
your page is found. Entice searchers to click on the title by making it a bit
provocative. Place this at the top of the webpage between the
<HEAD></HEAD> tags, in this
format:
<TITLE>Web Marketing Checklist
-- 37 Ways to Promote Your Website</TITLE>. (It also
shows on the blue bar at the top of your web browser.)
Plan to use some descriptive keywords along with your business name on your
home page. If you specialize in silver bullets and that's what people will be
searching for, don't just use your company name "Acme Ammunition,
Inc.," use "Silver and Platinum Bullets -- Acme Ammunition,
Inc." The words people are most likely to search on should appear first in
the title (called "keyword prominence"). Remember, this title is your
identity on the search engines. The more people see that interests them in the
blue hyperlinked words on the search engine, the more likely they are to click
on the link.
2. Write a Description META Tag. Some search engines include this
description below your hyperlinked title in the search results. The description
should be a sentence or two describing the content of the webpage, using the
main keywords and keyphrases on this page. Don't include keywords that don't
appear on the webpage. Place the Description META Tag at the top of the
webpage, between the
<HEAD></HEAD>
tags, in this format:
<META NAME="DESCRIPTION"
CONTENT="Increase visitor hits, attract traffic through submitting URLs,
META tags, news releases, banner ads, and reciprocal links.">
The maximum number of characters should be about 255; just be
aware that only the first 60 or so are visible on Google, though more may be
indexed.
When I prepare a webpage, I write the article first, then develop a
keyword-rich title (#1 above). Then I write a description of the content in
that article in a sentence or two, using each of the important keywords and
keyphrases included in the article. This goes into the description META tag.
Next, I strip out the common words, leaving just the meaty keywords and
phrases and insert those into the keywords META tag. It's no longer used much
for ranking, but I'm leaving it in anyway. I think it may have some minor
value. So to summarize so far, every webpage in your site should have a
distinct title and META description tag. If you implement these two points,
you're well on your way to better search engine ranking. But there's more that
will help your ranking....
3. Include Your Keywords in Headers (H1, H2, H3). Search engines
consider keywords that appear in the page headline and sub heads to be
important to the page, so make sure your desired keywords and phrases appear in
one or two header tags. Don't expect the search engine to parse your Cascading
Style Sheet (CSS) to figure out which are the headlines -- it won't. Instead,
use keywords in the H1, H2, and H3 tags to provide clues to the search engine.
(Note: Some designers no longer use the H1, H2 tags. That's a big mistake. Make
sure your designer defines these tags in the CSS rather than creating headline
tags with other names.)
4. Position Your Keywords in the First Paragraph of Your Body Text.
Search engines expect that your first paragraph will contain the important
keywords for the document -- where most people write an introduction to the
content of the page. You don't want to just artificially stuff keywords here,
however. More is not better. Google might expect a keyword density in the
entire body text area of maybe 1.5% to 2% for a word that should rank high, so
don't overdo it.
5. Include Descriptive Keywords in the ALT Attribute of Image Tags.
This helps your site be more
accessible
to site-impaired visitors (www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/glance/) and gives
additional clues to the search engines. The ALT attributes
do help get
your images ranked higher for image search (see #12 below).
6. Use Keywords in Hyperlinks. Search engines are looking for clues
to the focus of your webpage. When they see words hyperlinked in your body
text, they consider these potentially important, so hyperlink your important
keywords and keyphrases. To emphasize it even more, the webpage you are linking
to could have a page name with the keyword or keyphrase, such as
blue-widget.htm --
another clue for the search engine.
7. Make Your Navigation System Search Engine Friendly. You want search engine robots to find all the pages in your site. JavaScript and Flash navigation menus that appear when you hover are great for humans, but search engines don't read JavaScript and Flash very well. Therefore, supplement JavaScript and Flash menus with regular HTML links at the bottom of the page, ensuring that a chain of hyperlinks exists that take a search engine spider from your home page to every page in your site. Don't set up your navigation system using HTML frames (an old, out-dated approach); they can cause severe indexing problems.
Some content management systems and eCommerce catalogs produce dynamic, made-on-the-fly webpages, often recognizable by question marks in the URLs followed by long strings of numbers or letters. Overworked search engines sometimes have trouble parsing long URLs and may stop at the question mark, refusing to go any further. If you find the search engines are't indexing your interior pages, you might consider URL rewriting, a site map, or commercial solutions.